Each of these RNP specifications includes requirements for the following characteristics: The on-board performance monitoring and alerting requirements for RNP 4, RNP 2, Advanced RNP, RNP 1 RNP APCH and RNP 0.3 have common terminology and application. On-board performance monitoring and alerting RNP 0.3 is for the en-route continental, the arrival, the departure and the approach (excluding final approach) phases of flight and is specific to helicopter operations. RNP APCH and RNP AR (authorisation required) APCH are for navigation applications during the approach phase of flight. Advanced RNP is for navigation in all phases of flight. RNP 1 is for arrival and initial, intermediate and missed approach as well as departure navigation applications. RNP 2 is for en-route oceanic remote and en-route continental navigation applications. RNP 4 is for oceanic and remote continental navigation applications. The International Civil Aviation Organization’s (ICAO) PBN Manual identifies seven navigation specifications under the RNP family: RNP4, RNP2, RNP1, Advanced RNP, RNP APCH, RNP AR APCH and RNP 0.3. An operational approval issued by one certification agency will typically be accepted by all, but the operator should ensure that the aircraft meets the requirements for the specific approval being sought or risk denial of access or violation. The aircraft operator has to ensure that the aircraft meets the requirements for the specific approval being sought. The FMS is a key component of an RNP compliant installation. FMS equipment with GPS multi-sensor capability meeting TSO-C146 (SBAS/WAAS GPS) meets basic RNP requirements, when installed in an RNP-compliant aircraft installation. The aircraft is required to have both aircraft and operational approval for RNP and the operator must know the level of monitoring provided. An RNP of 0.3 means the aircraft navigation system must be able to calculate its position to within a circle with a radius of 3 tenths of a NM. RNP refers to the level of performance required for a specific procedure or a specific airspace block. In practical terms what this means is that air traffic control (ATC) can have greater confidence in the track keeping performance of the aircraft and this greater confidence translates into being able to place routes closer together. This means that if the RNP system does not perform the way it should then an alert should be provided to the flight crew. RNAV and RNP navigation specifications are substantially very similar they only differ in relation to the performance monitoring and alerting requirement which applies to RNP navigation specifications. Under the PBN concept, in addition to the RNP navigation specifications there exists the area navigation (RNA) family of navigation specifications. RNP offers safety benefits by means of its precision and accuracy and it reduces the cost of operational inefficiencies such as multiple step-down non-precision and circling approaches. Required Navigation Performance (RNP) is a family of navigation specifications under Performance Based Navigation (PBN) which permit the operation of aircraft along a precise flight path with a high level of accuracy and the ability to determine aircraft position with both accuracy and integrity.
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